/* * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project * Copyright (c) 1995, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. * * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code. * * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that * accompanied this code). * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. * * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any * questions. */ package java.lang; import dalvik.annotation.optimization.FastNative; import java.io.*; import java.math.BigInteger; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.regex.Matcher; import java.util.regex.Pattern; import java.util.stream.Collectors; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.List; import java.util.Optional; import java.util.StringTokenizer; import dalvik.system.BlockGuard; import sun.reflect.CallerSensitive; import java.lang.ref.FinalizerReference; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import dalvik.system.DelegateLastClassLoader; import dalvik.system.PathClassLoader; import dalvik.system.VMDebug; import dalvik.system.VMRuntime; import sun.reflect.Reflection; import libcore.io.IoUtils; import libcore.io.Libcore; import libcore.util.EmptyArray; import static android.system.OsConstants._SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF; /** * Every Java application has a single instance of class * {@code Runtime} that allows the application to interface with * the environment in which the application is running. The current * runtime can be obtained from the {@code getRuntime} method. *

* An application cannot create its own instance of this class. * * @author unascribed * @see java.lang.Runtime#getRuntime() * @since 1.0 */ public class Runtime { private static final Runtime currentRuntime = new Runtime(); // Android-removed: Remove unsupported Version field. // private static Version version; /** * Holds the list of threads to run when the VM terminates */ private List shutdownHooks = new ArrayList(); /** * Reflects whether finalization should be run for all objects * when the VM terminates. */ private static boolean finalizeOnExit; /** * Reflects whether we are already shutting down the VM. */ private boolean shuttingDown; private static native void nativeExit(int code); /** * Returns the runtime object associated with the current Java application. * Most of the methods of class {@code Runtime} are instance * methods and must be invoked with respect to the current runtime object. * * @return the {@code Runtime} object associated with the current * Java application. */ public static Runtime getRuntime() { return currentRuntime; } /** Don't let anyone else instantiate this class */ private Runtime() {} /** * Terminates the currently running Java virtual machine by initiating its * shutdown sequence. This method never returns normally. The argument * serves as a status code; by convention, a nonzero status code indicates * abnormal termination. * *

All registered {@linkplain #addShutdownHook shutdown hooks}, if any, * are started in some unspecified order and allowed to run concurrently * until they finish. Once this is done the virtual machine * {@linkplain #halt halts}. * *

If this method is invoked after all shutdown hooks have already * been run and the status is nonzero then this method halts the * virtual machine with the given status code. Otherwise, this method * blocks indefinitely. * *

The {@link System#exit(int) System.exit} method is the * conventional and convenient means of invoking this method. * * @param status * Termination status. By convention, a nonzero status code * indicates abnormal termination. * * @throws SecurityException * If a security manager is present and its * {@link SecurityManager#checkExit checkExit} method does not permit * exiting with the specified status * * @see java.lang.SecurityException * @see java.lang.SecurityManager#checkExit(int) * @see #addShutdownHook * @see #removeShutdownHook * @see #halt(int) */ public void exit(int status) { // Make sure we don't try this several times synchronized(this) { if (!shuttingDown) { shuttingDown = true; Thread[] hooks; synchronized (shutdownHooks) { // create a copy of the hooks hooks = new Thread[shutdownHooks.size()]; shutdownHooks.toArray(hooks); } // Start all shutdown hooks concurrently for (Thread hook : hooks) { hook.start(); } // Wait for all shutdown hooks to finish for (Thread hook : hooks) { try { hook.join(); } catch (InterruptedException ex) { // Ignore, since we are at VM shutdown. } } // Ensure finalization on exit, if requested if (finalizeOnExit) { runFinalization(); } // Get out of here finally... nativeExit(status); } } } /** * Registers a new virtual-machine shutdown hook. * *

The Java virtual machine shuts down in response to two kinds * of events: * *

* *

A shutdown hook is simply an initialized but unstarted * thread. When the virtual machine begins its shutdown sequence it will * start all registered shutdown hooks in some unspecified order and let * them run concurrently. When all the hooks have finished it will then * halt. Note that daemon threads will continue to run during the shutdown * sequence, as will non-daemon threads if shutdown was initiated by * invoking the {@link #exit exit} method. * *

Once the shutdown sequence has begun it can be stopped only by * invoking the {@link #halt halt} method, which forcibly * terminates the virtual machine. * *

Once the shutdown sequence has begun it is impossible to register a * new shutdown hook or de-register a previously-registered hook. * Attempting either of these operations will cause an * {@link IllegalStateException} to be thrown. * *

Shutdown hooks run at a delicate time in the life cycle of a virtual * machine and should therefore be coded defensively. They should, in * particular, be written to be thread-safe and to avoid deadlocks insofar * as possible. They should also not rely blindly upon services that may * have registered their own shutdown hooks and therefore may themselves in * the process of shutting down. Attempts to use other thread-based * services such as the AWT event-dispatch thread, for example, may lead to * deadlocks. * *

Shutdown hooks should also finish their work quickly. When a * program invokes {@link #exit exit} the expectation is * that the virtual machine will promptly shut down and exit. When the * virtual machine is terminated due to user logoff or system shutdown the * underlying operating system may only allow a fixed amount of time in * which to shut down and exit. It is therefore inadvisable to attempt any * user interaction or to perform a long-running computation in a shutdown * hook. * *

Uncaught exceptions are handled in shutdown hooks just as in any * other thread, by invoking the * {@link ThreadGroup#uncaughtException uncaughtException} method of the * thread's {@link ThreadGroup} object. The default implementation of this * method prints the exception's stack trace to {@link System#err} and * terminates the thread; it does not cause the virtual machine to exit or * halt. * *

In rare circumstances the virtual machine may abort, that is, * stop running without shutting down cleanly. This occurs when the * virtual machine is terminated externally, for example with the * {@code SIGKILL} signal on Unix or the {@code TerminateProcess} call on * Microsoft Windows. The virtual machine may also abort if a native * method goes awry by, for example, corrupting internal data structures or * attempting to access nonexistent memory. If the virtual machine aborts * then no guarantee can be made about whether or not any shutdown hooks * will be run. * * @param hook * An initialized but unstarted {@link Thread} object * * @throws IllegalArgumentException * If the specified hook has already been registered, * or if it can be determined that the hook is already running or * has already been run * * @throws IllegalStateException * If the virtual machine is already in the process * of shutting down * * @throws SecurityException * If a security manager is present and it denies * {@link RuntimePermission}("shutdownHooks") * * @see #removeShutdownHook * @see #halt(int) * @see #exit(int) * @since 1.3 */ public void addShutdownHook(Thread hook) { // Sanity checks if (hook == null) { throw new NullPointerException("hook == null"); } if (shuttingDown) { throw new IllegalStateException("VM already shutting down"); } if (hook.started) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Hook has already been started"); } synchronized (shutdownHooks) { if (shutdownHooks.contains(hook)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Hook already registered."); } shutdownHooks.add(hook); } } /** * De-registers a previously-registered virtual-machine shutdown hook. * * @param hook the hook to remove * @return {@code true} if the specified hook had previously been * registered and was successfully de-registered, {@code false} * otherwise. * * @throws IllegalStateException * If the virtual machine is already in the process of shutting * down * * @throws SecurityException * If a security manager is present and it denies * {@link RuntimePermission}("shutdownHooks") * * @see #addShutdownHook * @see #exit(int) * @since 1.3 */ public boolean removeShutdownHook(Thread hook) { // Sanity checks if (hook == null) { throw new NullPointerException("hook == null"); } if (shuttingDown) { throw new IllegalStateException("VM already shutting down"); } synchronized (shutdownHooks) { return shutdownHooks.remove(hook); } } /** * Forcibly terminates the currently running Java virtual machine. This * method never returns normally. * *

This method should be used with extreme caution. Unlike the * {@link #exit exit} method, this method does not cause shutdown * hooks to be started. If the shutdown sequence has already been * initiated then this method does not wait for any running * shutdown hooks to finish their work. * * @param status * Termination status. By convention, a nonzero status code * indicates abnormal termination. If the {@link Runtime#exit exit} * (equivalently, {@link System#exit(int) System.exit}) method * has already been invoked then this status code * will override the status code passed to that method. * * @throws SecurityException * If a security manager is present and its * {@link SecurityManager#checkExit checkExit} method * does not permit an exit with the specified status * * @see #exit * @see #addShutdownHook * @see #removeShutdownHook * @since 1.3 */ public void halt(int status) { // Android-changed: Implement halt(int) in ART. /* SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); if (sm != null) { sm.checkExit(status); } Shutdown.beforeHalt(); Shutdown.halt(status); } */ nativeExit(status); } /** * Enable or disable finalization on exit; doing so specifies that the * finalizers of all objects that have finalizers that have not yet been * automatically invoked are to be run before the Java runtime exits. * By default, finalization on exit is disabled. * *

If there is a security manager, * its checkExit method is first called * with 0 as its argument to ensure the exit is allowed. * This could result in a SecurityException. * * @param value true to enable finalization on exit, false to disable * @deprecated This method is inherently unsafe. It may result in * finalizers being called on live objects while other threads are * concurrently manipulating those objects, resulting in erratic * behavior or deadlock. * * @throws SecurityException * if a security manager exists and its checkExit * method doesn't allow the exit. * * @see java.lang.Runtime#exit(int) * @see java.lang.Runtime#gc() * @see java.lang.SecurityManager#checkExit(int) * @since JDK1.1 */ @Deprecated public static void runFinalizersOnExit(boolean value) { finalizeOnExit = value; } /** * Executes the specified string command in a separate process. * *

This is a convenience method. An invocation of the form * {@code exec(command)} * behaves in exactly the same way as the invocation * {@link #exec(String, String[], File) exec}{@code (command, null, null)}. * * @param command a specified system command. * * @return A new {@link Process} object for managing the subprocess * * @throws SecurityException * If a security manager exists and its * {@link SecurityManager#checkExec checkExec} * method doesn't allow creation of the subprocess * * @throws IOException * If an I/O error occurs * * @throws NullPointerException * If {@code command} is {@code null} * * @throws IllegalArgumentException * If {@code command} is empty * * @see #exec(String[], String[], File) * @see ProcessBuilder */ public Process exec(String command) throws IOException { return exec(command, null, null); } /** * Executes the specified string command in a separate process with the * specified environment. * *

This is a convenience method. An invocation of the form * {@code exec(command, envp)} * behaves in exactly the same way as the invocation * {@link #exec(String, String[], File) exec}{@code (command, envp, null)}. * * @param command a specified system command. * * @param envp array of strings, each element of which * has environment variable settings in the format * name=value, or * {@code null} if the subprocess should inherit * the environment of the current process. * * @return A new {@link Process} object for managing the subprocess * * @throws SecurityException * If a security manager exists and its * {@link SecurityManager#checkExec checkExec} * method doesn't allow creation of the subprocess * * @throws IOException * If an I/O error occurs * * @throws NullPointerException * If {@code command} is {@code null}, * or one of the elements of {@code envp} is {@code null} * * @throws IllegalArgumentException * If {@code command} is empty * * @see #exec(String[], String[], File) * @see ProcessBuilder */ public Process exec(String command, String[] envp) throws IOException { return exec(command, envp, null); } /** * Executes the specified string command in a separate process with the * specified environment and working directory. * *

This is a convenience method. An invocation of the form * {@code exec(command, envp, dir)} * behaves in exactly the same way as the invocation * {@link #exec(String[], String[], File) exec}{@code (cmdarray, envp, dir)}, * where {@code cmdarray} is an array of all the tokens in * {@code command}. * *

More precisely, the {@code command} string is broken * into tokens using a {@link StringTokenizer} created by the call * {@code new {@link StringTokenizer}(command)} with no * further modification of the character categories. The tokens * produced by the tokenizer are then placed in the new string * array {@code cmdarray}, in the same order. * * @param command a specified system command. * * @param envp array of strings, each element of which * has environment variable settings in the format * name=value, or * {@code null} if the subprocess should inherit * the environment of the current process. * * @param dir the working directory of the subprocess, or * {@code null} if the subprocess should inherit * the working directory of the current process. * * @return A new {@link Process} object for managing the subprocess * * @throws SecurityException * If a security manager exists and its * {@link SecurityManager#checkExec checkExec} * method doesn't allow creation of the subprocess * * @throws IOException * If an I/O error occurs * * @throws NullPointerException * If {@code command} is {@code null}, * or one of the elements of {@code envp} is {@code null} * * @throws IllegalArgumentException * If {@code command} is empty * * @see ProcessBuilder * @since 1.3 */ public Process exec(String command, String[] envp, File dir) throws IOException { if (command.length() == 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Empty command"); StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(command); String[] cmdarray = new String[st.countTokens()]; for (int i = 0; st.hasMoreTokens(); i++) cmdarray[i] = st.nextToken(); return exec(cmdarray, envp, dir); } /** * Executes the specified command and arguments in a separate process. * *

This is a convenience method. An invocation of the form * {@code exec(cmdarray)} * behaves in exactly the same way as the invocation * {@link #exec(String[], String[], File) exec}{@code (cmdarray, null, null)}. * * @param cmdarray array containing the command to call and * its arguments. * * @return A new {@link Process} object for managing the subprocess * * @throws SecurityException * If a security manager exists and its * {@link SecurityManager#checkExec checkExec} * method doesn't allow creation of the subprocess * * @throws IOException * If an I/O error occurs * * @throws NullPointerException * If {@code cmdarray} is {@code null}, * or one of the elements of {@code cmdarray} is {@code null} * * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException * If {@code cmdarray} is an empty array * (has length {@code 0}) * * @see ProcessBuilder */ public Process exec(String cmdarray[]) throws IOException { return exec(cmdarray, null, null); } /** * Executes the specified command and arguments in a separate process * with the specified environment. * *

This is a convenience method. An invocation of the form * {@code exec(cmdarray, envp)} * behaves in exactly the same way as the invocation * {@link #exec(String[], String[], File) exec}{@code (cmdarray, envp, null)}. * * @param cmdarray array containing the command to call and * its arguments. * * @param envp array of strings, each element of which * has environment variable settings in the format * name=value, or * {@code null} if the subprocess should inherit * the environment of the current process. * * @return A new {@link Process} object for managing the subprocess * * @throws SecurityException * If a security manager exists and its * {@link SecurityManager#checkExec checkExec} * method doesn't allow creation of the subprocess * * @throws IOException * If an I/O error occurs * * @throws NullPointerException * If {@code cmdarray} is {@code null}, * or one of the elements of {@code cmdarray} is {@code null}, * or one of the elements of {@code envp} is {@code null} * * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException * If {@code cmdarray} is an empty array * (has length {@code 0}) * * @see ProcessBuilder */ public Process exec(String[] cmdarray, String[] envp) throws IOException { return exec(cmdarray, envp, null); } /** * Executes the specified command and arguments in a separate process with * the specified environment and working directory. * *

Given an array of strings {@code cmdarray}, representing the * tokens of a command line, and an array of strings {@code envp}, * representing "environment" variable settings, this method creates * a new process in which to execute the specified command. * *

This method checks that {@code cmdarray} is a valid operating * system command. Which commands are valid is system-dependent, * but at the very least the command must be a non-empty list of * non-null strings. * *

If {@code envp} is {@code null}, the subprocess inherits the * environment settings of the current process. * *

A minimal set of system dependent environment variables may * be required to start a process on some operating systems. * As a result, the subprocess may inherit additional environment variable * settings beyond those in the specified environment. * *

{@link ProcessBuilder#start()} is now the preferred way to * start a process with a modified environment. * *

The working directory of the new subprocess is specified by {@code dir}. * If {@code dir} is {@code null}, the subprocess inherits the * current working directory of the current process. * *

If a security manager exists, its * {@link SecurityManager#checkExec checkExec} * method is invoked with the first component of the array * {@code cmdarray} as its argument. This may result in a * {@link SecurityException} being thrown. * *

Starting an operating system process is highly system-dependent. * Among the many things that can go wrong are: *

* *

In such cases an exception will be thrown. The exact nature * of the exception is system-dependent, but it will always be a * subclass of {@link IOException}. * *

If the operating system does not support the creation of * processes, an {@link UnsupportedOperationException} will be thrown. * * * @param cmdarray array containing the command to call and * its arguments. * * @param envp array of strings, each element of which * has environment variable settings in the format * name=value, or * {@code null} if the subprocess should inherit * the environment of the current process. * * @param dir the working directory of the subprocess, or * {@code null} if the subprocess should inherit * the working directory of the current process. * * @return A new {@link Process} object for managing the subprocess * * @throws SecurityException * If a security manager exists and its * {@link SecurityManager#checkExec checkExec} * method doesn't allow creation of the subprocess * * @throws UnsupportedOperationException * If the operating system does not support the creation of processes. * * @throws IOException * If an I/O error occurs * * @throws NullPointerException * If {@code cmdarray} is {@code null}, * or one of the elements of {@code cmdarray} is {@code null}, * or one of the elements of {@code envp} is {@code null} * * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException * If {@code cmdarray} is an empty array * (has length {@code 0}) * * @see ProcessBuilder * @since 1.3 */ public Process exec(String[] cmdarray, String[] envp, File dir) throws IOException { return new ProcessBuilder(cmdarray) .environment(envp) .directory(dir) .start(); } /** * Returns the number of processors available to the Java virtual machine. * *

This value may change during a particular invocation of the virtual * machine. Applications that are sensitive to the number of available * processors should therefore occasionally poll this property and adjust * their resource usage appropriately.

* * @return the maximum number of processors available to the virtual * machine; never smaller than one * @since 1.4 */ public int availableProcessors() { return (int) Libcore.os.sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF); } /** * Returns the amount of free memory in the Java Virtual Machine. * Calling the * {@code gc} method may result in increasing the value returned * by {@code freeMemory.} * * @return an approximation to the total amount of memory currently * available for future allocated objects, measured in bytes. */ @FastNative public native long freeMemory(); /** * Returns the total amount of memory in the Java virtual machine. * The value returned by this method may vary over time, depending on * the host environment. *

* Note that the amount of memory required to hold an object of any * given type may be implementation-dependent. * * @return the total amount of memory currently available for current * and future objects, measured in bytes. */ @FastNative public native long totalMemory(); /** * Returns the maximum amount of memory that the Java virtual machine * will attempt to use. If there is no inherent limit then the value * {@link java.lang.Long#MAX_VALUE} will be returned. * * @return the maximum amount of memory that the virtual machine will * attempt to use, measured in bytes * @since 1.4 */ @FastNative public native long maxMemory(); /** * Runs the garbage collector. * Calling this method suggests that the Java virtual machine expend * effort toward recycling unused objects in order to make the memory * they currently occupy available for quick reuse. When control * returns from the method call, the virtual machine has made * its best effort to recycle all discarded objects. *

* The name {@code gc} stands for "garbage * collector". The virtual machine performs this recycling * process automatically as needed, in a separate thread, even if the * {@code gc} method is not invoked explicitly. *

* The method {@link System#gc()} is the conventional and convenient * means of invoking this method. */ // Android-changed: Added BlockGuard check to gc() // public native void gc(); public void gc() { BlockGuard.getThreadPolicy().onExplicitGc(); nativeGc(); } private native void nativeGc(); /** * Runs the finalization methods of any objects pending finalization. * Calling this method suggests that the Java virtual machine expend * effort toward running the {@code finalize} methods of objects * that have been found to be discarded but whose {@code finalize} * methods have not yet been run. When control returns from the * method call, the virtual machine has made a best effort to * complete all outstanding finalizations. *

* The virtual machine performs the finalization process * automatically as needed, in a separate thread, if the * {@code runFinalization} method is not invoked explicitly. *

* The method {@link System#runFinalization()} is the conventional * and convenient means of invoking this method. * * @see java.lang.Object#finalize() */ public void runFinalization() { // Android-changed: Implement finalization in ART. // SharedSecrets.getJavaLangRefAccess().runFinalization(); VMRuntime.runFinalization(0); } /** * Not implemented, does nothing. * * @deprecated * This method was intended to control instruction tracing. * It has been superseded by ART-specific tracing mechanisms. * * @param on ignored */ @Deprecated(since="9", forRemoval=true) public void traceInstructions(boolean on) { } /** * Not implemented, does nothing. *

* Calling this method on Android Lollipop or later (API level >= 21) * with {@code true} argument will cause it to throw an * {@code UnsupportedOperationException}. * * @deprecated * This method was intended to control method call tracing. * It has been superseded by ART-specific tracing mechanisms. * * @param on ignored */ @Deprecated(since="9", forRemoval=true) public void traceMethodCalls(boolean on) { if (on) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } } /** * Loads the native library specified by the filename argument. The filename * argument must be an absolute path name. * (for example * {@code Runtime.getRuntime().load("/home/avh/lib/libX11.so");}). * * If the filename argument, when stripped of any platform-specific library * prefix, path, and file extension, indicates a library whose name is, * for example, L, and a native library called L is statically linked * with the VM, then the JNI_OnLoad_L function exported by the library * is invoked rather than attempting to load a dynamic library. * A filename matching the argument does not have to exist in the file * system. * See the JNI Specification * for more details. * * Otherwise, the filename argument is mapped to a native library image in * an implementation-dependent manner. *

* First, if there is a security manager, its {@code checkLink} * method is called with the {@code filename} as its argument. * This may result in a security exception. *

* This is similar to the method {@link #loadLibrary(String)}, but it * accepts a general file name as an argument rather than just a library * name, allowing any file of native code to be loaded. *

* The method {@link System#load(String)} is the conventional and * convenient means of invoking this method. * * @param filename the file to load. * @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and its * {@code checkLink} method doesn't allow * loading of the specified dynamic library * @throws UnsatisfiedLinkError if either the filename is not an * absolute path name, the native library is not statically * linked with the VM, or the library cannot be mapped to * a native library image by the host system. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code filename} is * {@code null} * @see java.lang.Runtime#getRuntime() * @see java.lang.SecurityException * @see java.lang.SecurityManager#checkLink(java.lang.String) */ @CallerSensitive public void load(String filename) { load0(Reflection.getCallerClass(), filename); } /** Check target sdk, if it's higher than N, we throw an UnsupportedOperationException */ private void checkTargetSdkVersionForLoad(String methodName) { final int targetSdkVersion = VMRuntime.getRuntime().getTargetSdkVersion(); if (targetSdkVersion > 24) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(methodName + " is not supported on SDK " + targetSdkVersion); } } // Fixes b/25859957 regression. Depending on private methods is bad, mkay. void load(String absolutePath, ClassLoader loader) { checkTargetSdkVersionForLoad("java.lang.Runtime#load(String, ClassLoader)"); java.lang.System.logE("java.lang.Runtime#load(String, ClassLoader)" + " is private and will be removed in a future Android release"); if (absolutePath == null) { throw new NullPointerException("absolutePath == null"); } String error = nativeLoad(absolutePath, loader); if (error != null) { throw new UnsatisfiedLinkError(error); } } synchronized void load0(Class fromClass, String filename) { if (!(new File(filename).isAbsolute())) { throw new UnsatisfiedLinkError( "Expecting an absolute path of the library: " + filename); } if (filename == null) { throw new NullPointerException("filename == null"); } String error = nativeLoad(filename, fromClass.getClassLoader(), fromClass); if (error != null) { throw new UnsatisfiedLinkError(error); } } /** * Loads the native library specified by the {@code libname} * argument. The {@code libname} argument must not contain any platform * specific prefix, file extension or path. If a native library * called {@code libname} is statically linked with the VM, then the * JNI_OnLoad_{@code libname} function exported by the library is invoked. * See the JNI Specification * for more details. * * Otherwise, the libname argument is loaded from a system library * location and mapped to a native library image in an implementation- * dependent manner. *

* First, if there is a security manager, its {@code checkLink} * method is called with the {@code libname} as its argument. * This may result in a security exception. *

* The method {@link System#loadLibrary(String)} is the conventional * and convenient means of invoking this method. If native * methods are to be used in the implementation of a class, a standard * strategy is to put the native code in a library file (call it * {@code LibFile}) and then to put a static initializer: * 

     * static { System.loadLibrary("LibFile"); }
     *
* within the class declaration. When the class is loaded and * initialized, the necessary native code implementation for the native * methods will then be loaded as well. *

* If this method is called more than once with the same library * name, the second and subsequent calls are ignored. * * @param libname the name of the library. * @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and its * {@code checkLink} method doesn't allow * loading of the specified dynamic library * @throws UnsatisfiedLinkError if either the libname argument * contains a file path, the native library is not statically * linked with the VM, or the library cannot be mapped to a * native library image by the host system. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code libname} is * {@code null} * @see java.lang.SecurityException * @see java.lang.SecurityManager#checkLink(java.lang.String) */ @CallerSensitive public void loadLibrary(String libname) { loadLibrary0(Reflection.getCallerClass(), libname); } // BEGIN Android-changed: Different implementation of loadLibrary0(Class, String). /* synchronized void loadLibrary0(Class fromClass, String libname) { SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager(); if (security != null) { security.checkLink(libname); } if (libname.indexOf((int)File.separatorChar) != -1) { throw new UnsatisfiedLinkError( "Directory separator should not appear in library name: " + libname); } ClassLoader.loadLibrary(fromClass, libname, false); } */ void loadLibrary0(Class fromClass, String libname) { ClassLoader classLoader = ClassLoader.getClassLoader(fromClass); loadLibrary0(classLoader, fromClass, libname); } /** * Temporarily preserved for backward compatibility. Applications call this * method using reflection. * * **** THIS METHOD WILL BE REMOVED IN A FUTURE ANDROID VERSION **** * * http://b/26217329 * * @hide */ public void loadLibrary(String libname, ClassLoader classLoader) { checkTargetSdkVersionForLoad("java.lang.Runtime#loadLibrary(String, ClassLoader)"); java.lang.System.logE("java.lang.Runtime#loadLibrary(String, ClassLoader)" + " is private and will be removed in a future Android release"); // Pass null for callerClass, we don't know it at this point. Passing null preserved // the behavior when we used to not pass the class. loadLibrary0(classLoader, null, libname); } // This overload exists for @UnsupportedAppUsage void loadLibrary0(ClassLoader loader, String libname) { // Pass null for callerClass, we don't know it at this point. Passing null preserved // the behavior when we used to not pass the class. loadLibrary0(loader, null, libname); } /** * Loads the shared library {@code libname} in the context of {@code loader} and * {@code callerClass}. * * @param loader the class loader that initiated the loading. Used by the * underlying linker to determine linker namespace. A {@code null} * value represents the boot class loader. * @param callerClass the class that initiated the loading. When not * {@code null}, it is also used to determine the linker * namespace from the class's dex file location (which is in an * apk or dex jar). * @param libname the name of the library. */ private synchronized void loadLibrary0(ClassLoader loader, Class callerClass, String libname) { if (libname.indexOf((int)File.separatorChar) != -1) { throw new UnsatisfiedLinkError( "Directory separator should not appear in library name: " + libname); } String libraryName = libname; // Android-note: BootClassLoader doesn't implement findLibrary(). http://b/111850480 // Android's class.getClassLoader() can return BootClassLoader where the RI would // have returned null; therefore we treat BootClassLoader the same as null here. if (loader != null && !(loader instanceof BootClassLoader)) { String filename = loader.findLibrary(libraryName); if (filename == null && (loader.getClass() == PathClassLoader.class || loader.getClass() == DelegateLastClassLoader.class)) { // Don't give up even if we failed to find the library in the native lib paths. // The underlying dynamic linker might be able to find the lib in one of the linker // namespaces associated with the current linker namespace. In order to give the // dynamic linker a chance, proceed to load the library with its soname, which // is the fileName. // Note that we do this only for PathClassLoader and DelegateLastClassLoader to // minimize the scope of this behavioral change as much as possible, which might // cause problem like b/143649498. These two class loaders are the only // platform-provided class loaders that can load apps. See the classLoader attribute // of the application tag in app manifest. filename = System.mapLibraryName(libraryName); } if (filename == null) { // It's not necessarily true that the ClassLoader used // System.mapLibraryName, but the default setup does, and it's // misleading to say we didn't find "libMyLibrary.so" when we // actually searched for "liblibMyLibrary.so.so". throw new UnsatisfiedLinkError(loader + " couldn't find \"" + System.mapLibraryName(libraryName) + "\""); } String error = nativeLoad(filename, loader, callerClass); if (error != null) { throw new UnsatisfiedLinkError(error); } return; } // We know some apps use mLibPaths directly, potentially assuming it's not null. // Initialize it here to make sure apps see a non-null value. getLibPaths(); String filename = System.mapLibraryName(libraryName); String error = nativeLoad(filename, loader, callerClass); if (error != null) { throw new UnsatisfiedLinkError(error); } } private volatile String[] mLibPaths = null; private String[] getLibPaths() { if (mLibPaths == null) { synchronized(this) { if (mLibPaths == null) { mLibPaths = initLibPaths(); } } } return mLibPaths; } private static String[] initLibPaths() { String javaLibraryPath = System.getProperty("java.library.path"); if (javaLibraryPath == null) { return EmptyArray.STRING; } String[] paths = javaLibraryPath.split(":"); // Add a '/' to the end of each directory so we don't have to do it every time. for (int i = 0; i < paths.length; ++i) { if (!paths[i].endsWith("/")) { paths[i] += "/"; } } return paths; } // This method is used through reflection from /art/test/150-loadlibrary. private static String nativeLoad(String filename, ClassLoader loader) { return nativeLoad(filename, loader, null); } private static native String nativeLoad(String filename, ClassLoader loader, Class caller); // END Android-changed: Different implementation of loadLibrary0(Class, String). // BEGIN Android-added: Keep deprecated localized stream APIs. /** * Creates a localized version of an input stream. This method takes * an InputStream and returns an InputStream * equivalent to the argument in all respects except that it is * localized: as characters in the local character set are read from * the stream, they are automatically converted from the local * character set to Unicode. *

* If the argument is already a localized stream, it may be returned * as the result. * * @param in InputStream to localize * @return a localized input stream * @see java.io.InputStream * @see java.io.BufferedReader#BufferedReader(java.io.Reader) * @see java.io.InputStreamReader#InputStreamReader(java.io.InputStream) * @removed As of JDK 1.1, the preferred way to translate a byte * stream in the local encoding into a character stream in Unicode is via * the InputStreamReader and BufferedReader * classes. */ @Deprecated public InputStream getLocalizedInputStream(InputStream in) { return in; } /** * Creates a localized version of an output stream. This method * takes an OutputStream and returns an * OutputStream equivalent to the argument in all respects * except that it is localized: as Unicode characters are written to * the stream, they are automatically converted to the local * character set. *

* If the argument is already a localized stream, it may be returned * as the result. * * @removed As of JDK 1.1, the preferred way to translate a * Unicode character stream into a byte stream in the local encoding is via * the OutputStreamWriter, BufferedWriter, and * PrintWriter classes. * * @param out OutputStream to localize * @return a localized output stream * @see java.io.OutputStream * @see java.io.BufferedWriter#BufferedWriter(java.io.Writer) * @see java.io.OutputStreamWriter#OutputStreamWriter(java.io.OutputStream) * @see java.io.PrintWriter#PrintWriter(java.io.OutputStream) */ @Deprecated public OutputStream getLocalizedOutputStream(OutputStream out) { return out; } // END Android-added: Keep deprecated localized stream APIs. // BEGIN Android-removed: Remove the unsupported version() method. /* /** * Returns the version of the Java Runtime Environment as a {@link Version}. * * @return the {@link Version} of the Java Runtime Environment * * @since 9 * public static Version version() { if (version == null) { version = new Version(VersionProps.versionNumbers(), VersionProps.pre(), VersionProps.build(), VersionProps.optional()); } return version; } /** * A representation of a version string for an implementation of the * Java SE Platform. A version string consists of a version number * optionally followed by pre-release and build information. * *

Version numbers

* *

A version number, {@code $VNUM}, is a non-empty sequence of * elements separated by period characters (U+002E). An element is either * zero, or an unsigned integer numeral without leading zeros. The final * element in a version number must not be zero. When an element is * incremented, all subsequent elements are removed. The format is:

* * 
     * [1-9][0-9]*((\.0)*\.[1-9][0-9]*)*
     *
* *

The sequence may be of arbitrary length but the first four elements * are assigned specific meanings, as follows:

* * 
     * $FEATURE.$INTERIM.$UPDATE.$PATCH
     *
* * * *

The fifth and later elements of a version number are free for use by * platform implementors, to identify implementor-specific patch * releases.

* *

A version number never has trailing zero elements. If an element * and all those that follow it logically have the value zero then all of * them are omitted.

* *

The sequence of numerals in a version number is compared to another * such sequence in numerical, pointwise fashion; e.g., {@code * 10.0.4} is less than {@code 10.1.2}. If one sequence is shorter than * another then the missing elements of the shorter sequence are considered * to be less than the corresponding elements of the longer sequence; * e.g., {@code 10.0.2} is less than {@code 10.0.2.1}.

* *

Version strings

* *

A version string, {@code $VSTR}, is a version number {@code * $VNUM}, as described above, optionally followed by pre-release and build * information, in one of the following formats:

* * 
     *     $VNUM(-$PRE)?\+$BUILD(-$OPT)?
     *     $VNUM-$PRE(-$OPT)?
     *     $VNUM(+-$OPT)?
     *
* *

where:

* * * *

A version string {@code 10-ea} matches {@code $VNUM = "10"} and * {@code $PRE = "ea"}. The version string {@code 10+-ea} matches * {@code $VNUM = "10"} and {@code $OPT = "ea"}.

* *

When comparing two version strings, the value of {@code $OPT}, if * present, may or may not be significant depending on the chosen * comparison method. The comparison methods {@link #compareTo(Version) * compareTo()} and {@link #compareToIgnoreOptional(Version) * compareToIgnoreOptional()} should be used consistently with the * corresponding methods {@link #equals(Object) equals()} and {@link * #equalsIgnoreOptional(Object) equalsIgnoreOptional()}.

* *

A short version string, {@code $SVSTR}, often useful in * less formal contexts, is a version number optionally followed by a * pre-release identifier:

* * 
     *     $VNUM(-$PRE)?
     *
* *

This is a value-based * class; use of identity-sensitive operations (including reference equality * ({@code ==}), identity hash code, or synchronization) on instances of * {@code Version} may have unpredictable results and should be avoided. *

* * @since 9 *//* public static final class Version implements Comparable { private final List version; private final Optional pre; private final Optional build; private final Optional optional; *//* * List of version number components passed to this constructor MUST * be at least unmodifiable (ideally immutable). In the case on an * unmodifiable list, the caller MUST hand the list over to this * constructor and never change the underlying list. *//* private Version(List unmodifiableListOfVersions, Optional pre, Optional build, Optional optional) { this.version = unmodifiableListOfVersions; this.pre = pre; this.build = build; this.optional = optional; } /** * Parses the given string as a valid * version string containing a * version number followed by pre-release and * build information. * * @param s * A string to interpret as a version * * @throws IllegalArgumentException * If the given string cannot be interpreted as a valid * version * * @throws NullPointerException * If the given string is {@code null} * * @throws NumberFormatException * If an element of the version number or the build number * cannot be represented as an {@link Integer} * * @return The Version of the given string *//* public static Version parse(String s) { if (s == null) throw new NullPointerException(); // Shortcut to avoid initializing VersionPattern when creating // feature-version constants during startup if (isSimpleNumber(s)) { return new Version(List.of(Integer.parseInt(s)), Optional.empty(), Optional.empty(), Optional.empty()); } Matcher m = VersionPattern.VSTR_PATTERN.matcher(s); if (!m.matches()) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid version string: '" + s + "'"); // $VNUM is a dot-separated list of integers of arbitrary length String[] split = m.group(VersionPattern.VNUM_GROUP).split("\\."); Integer[] version = new Integer[split.length]; for (int i = 0; i < split.length; i++) { version[i] = Integer.parseInt(split[i]); } Optional pre = Optional.ofNullable( m.group(VersionPattern.PRE_GROUP)); String b = m.group(VersionPattern.BUILD_GROUP); // $BUILD is an integer Optional build = (b == null) ? Optional.empty() : Optional.of(Integer.parseInt(b)); Optional optional = Optional.ofNullable( m.group(VersionPattern.OPT_GROUP)); // empty '+' if (!build.isPresent()) { if (m.group(VersionPattern.PLUS_GROUP) != null) { if (optional.isPresent()) { if (pre.isPresent()) throw new IllegalArgumentException("'+' found with" + " pre-release and optional components:'" + s + "'"); } else { throw new IllegalArgumentException("'+' found with neither" + " build or optional components: '" + s + "'"); } } else { if (optional.isPresent() && !pre.isPresent()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("optional component" + " must be preceeded by a pre-release component" + " or '+': '" + s + "'"); } } } return new Version(List.of(version), pre, build, optional); } private static boolean isSimpleNumber(String s) { for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) { char c = s.charAt(i); char lowerBound = (i > 0) ? '0' : '1'; if (c < lowerBound || c > '9') { return false; } } return true; } /** * Returns the value of the feature element of * the version number. * * @return The value of the feature element * * @since 10 *//* public int feature() { return version.get(0); } /** * Returns the value of the interim element of * the version number, or zero if it is absent. * * @return The value of the interim element, or zero * * @since 10 *//* public int interim() { return (version.size() > 1 ? version.get(1) : 0); } /** * Returns the value of the update element of the * version number, or zero if it is absent. * * @return The value of the update element, or zero * * @since 10 *//* public int update() { return (version.size() > 2 ? version.get(2) : 0); } /** * Returns the value of the patch element of the * version number, or zero if it is absent. * * @return The value of the patch element, or zero * * @since 10 *//* public int patch() { return (version.size() > 3 ? version.get(3) : 0); } /** * Returns the value of the major element of the version number. * * @deprecated As of Java SE 10, the first element of a version * number is not the major-release number but the feature-release * counter, incremented for every time-based release. Use the {@link * #feature()} method in preference to this method. For compatibility, * this method returns the value of the feature * element. * * @return The value of the feature element *//* @Deprecated(since = "10") public int major() { return feature(); } /** * Returns the value of the minor element of the version number, or * zero if it is absent. * * @deprecated As of Java SE 10, the second element of a version * number is not the minor-release number but the interim-release * counter, incremented for every interim release. Use the {@link * #interim()} method in preference to this method. For compatibility, * this method returns the value of the interim * element, or zero if it is absent. * * @return The value of the interim element, or zero *//* @Deprecated(since = "10") public int minor() { return interim(); } /** * Returns the value of the security element of the version number, or * zero if it is absent. * * @deprecated As of Java SE 10, the third element of a version * number is not the security level but the update-release counter, * incremented for every update release. Use the {@link #update()} * method in preference to this method. For compatibility, this method * returns the value of the update element, or * zero if it is absent. * * @return The value of the update element, or zero *//* @Deprecated(since = "10") public int security() { return update(); } /** * Returns an unmodifiable {@link java.util.List List} of the integers * represented in the version number. * The {@code List} always contains at least one element corresponding to * the feature version number. * * @return An unmodifiable list of the integers * represented in the version number *//* public List version() { return version; } /** * Returns the optional pre-release information. * * @return The optional pre-release information as a String *//* public Optional pre() { return pre; } /** * Returns the build number. * * @return The optional build number. *//* public Optional build() { return build; } /** * Returns optional additional identifying build * information. * * @return Additional build information as a String *//* public Optional optional() { return optional; } /** * Compares this version to another. * *

Each of the components in the version is * compared in the following order of precedence: version numbers, * pre-release identifiers, build numbers, optional build information. *

* *

Comparison begins by examining the sequence of version numbers. * If one sequence is shorter than another, then the missing elements * of the shorter sequence are considered to be less than the * corresponding elements of the longer sequence.

* *

A version with a pre-release identifier is always considered to * be less than a version without one. Pre-release identifiers are * compared numerically when they consist only of digits, and * lexicographically otherwise. Numeric identifiers are considered to * be less than non-numeric identifiers.

* *

A version without a build number is always less than one with a * build number; otherwise build numbers are compared numerically.

* *

The optional build information is compared lexicographically. * During this comparison, a version with optional build information is * considered to be greater than a version without one.

* * @param obj * The object to be compared * * @return A negative integer, zero, or a positive integer if this * {@code Version} is less than, equal to, or greater than the * given {@code Version} * * @throws NullPointerException * If the given object is {@code null} *//* @Override public int compareTo(Version obj) { return compare(obj, false); } /** * Compares this version to another disregarding optional build * information. * *

Two versions are compared by examining the version string as * described in {@link #compareTo(Version)} with the exception that the * optional build information is always ignored.

* *

This method provides ordering which is consistent with * {@code equalsIgnoreOptional()}.

* * @param obj * The object to be compared * * @return A negative integer, zero, or a positive integer if this * {@code Version} is less than, equal to, or greater than the * given {@code Version} * * @throws NullPointerException * If the given object is {@code null} *//* public int compareToIgnoreOptional(Version obj) { return compare(obj, true); } private int compare(Version obj, boolean ignoreOpt) { if (obj == null) throw new NullPointerException(); int ret = compareVersion(obj); if (ret != 0) return ret; ret = comparePre(obj); if (ret != 0) return ret; ret = compareBuild(obj); if (ret != 0) return ret; if (!ignoreOpt) return compareOptional(obj); return 0; } private int compareVersion(Version obj) { int size = version.size(); int oSize = obj.version().size(); int min = Math.min(size, oSize); for (int i = 0; i < min; i++) { int val = version.get(i); int oVal = obj.version().get(i); if (val != oVal) return val - oVal; } return size - oSize; } private int comparePre(Version obj) { Optional oPre = obj.pre(); if (!pre.isPresent()) { if (oPre.isPresent()) return 1; } else { if (!oPre.isPresent()) return -1; String val = pre.get(); String oVal = oPre.get(); if (val.matches("\\d+")) { return (oVal.matches("\\d+") ? (new BigInteger(val)).compareTo(new BigInteger(oVal)) : -1); } else { return (oVal.matches("\\d+") ? 1 : val.compareTo(oVal)); } } return 0; } private int compareBuild(Version obj) { Optional oBuild = obj.build(); if (oBuild.isPresent()) { return (build.isPresent() ? build.get().compareTo(oBuild.get()) : -1); } else if (build.isPresent()) { return 1; } return 0; } private int compareOptional(Version obj) { Optional oOpt = obj.optional(); if (!optional.isPresent()) { if (oOpt.isPresent()) return -1; } else { if (!oOpt.isPresent()) return 1; return optional.get().compareTo(oOpt.get()); } return 0; } /** * Returns a string representation of this version. * * @return The version string *//* @Override public String toString() { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(version.stream() .map(Object::toString) .collect(Collectors.joining("."))); pre.ifPresent(v -> sb.append("-").append(v)); if (build.isPresent()) { sb.append("+").append(build.get()); if (optional.isPresent()) sb.append("-").append(optional.get()); } else { if (optional.isPresent()) { sb.append(pre.isPresent() ? "-" : "+-"); sb.append(optional.get()); } } return sb.toString(); } /** * Determines whether this {@code Version} is equal to another object. * *

Two {@code Version}s are equal if and only if they represent the * same version string. * * @param obj * The object to which this {@code Version} is to be compared * * @return {@code true} if, and only if, the given object is a {@code * Version} that is identical to this {@code Version} * *//* @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { boolean ret = equalsIgnoreOptional(obj); if (!ret) return false; Version that = (Version)obj; return (this.optional().equals(that.optional())); } /** * Determines whether this {@code Version} is equal to another * disregarding optional build information. * *

Two {@code Version}s are equal if and only if they represent the * same version string disregarding the optional build information. * * @param obj * The object to which this {@code Version} is to be compared * * @return {@code true} if, and only if, the given object is a {@code * Version} that is identical to this {@code Version} * ignoring the optional build information * *//* public boolean equalsIgnoreOptional(Object obj) { if (this == obj) return true; if (!(obj instanceof Version)) return false; Version that = (Version)obj; return (this.version().equals(that.version()) && this.pre().equals(that.pre()) && this.build().equals(that.build())); } /** * Returns the hash code of this version. * * @return The hashcode of this version *//* @Override public int hashCode() { int h = 1; int p = 17; h = p * h + version.hashCode(); h = p * h + pre.hashCode(); h = p * h + build.hashCode(); h = p * h + optional.hashCode(); return h; } } private static class VersionPattern { // $VNUM(-$PRE)?(\+($BUILD)?(\-$OPT)?)? // RE limits the format of version strings // ([1-9][0-9]*(?:(?:\.0)*\.[1-9][0-9]*)*)(?:-([a-zA-Z0-9]+))?(?:(\+)(0|[1-9][0-9]*)?)?(?:-([-a-zA-Z0-9.]+))? private static final String VNUM = "(?[1-9][0-9]*(?:(?:\\.0)*\\.[1-9][0-9]*)*)"; private static final String PRE = "(?:-(?

[a-zA-Z0-9]+))?";
        private static final String BUILD
            = "(?:(?\\+)(?0|[1-9][0-9]*)?)?";
        private static final String OPT      = "(?:-(?[-a-zA-Z0-9.]+))?";
        private static final String VSTR_FORMAT = VNUM + PRE + BUILD + OPT;

        static final Pattern VSTR_PATTERN = Pattern.compile(VSTR_FORMAT);

        static final String VNUM_GROUP  = "VNUM";
        static final String PRE_GROUP   = "PRE";
        static final String PLUS_GROUP  = "PLUS";
        static final String BUILD_GROUP = "BUILD";
        static final String OPT_GROUP   = "OPT";
    }
    */
    // END Android-removed: Remove the unsupported version() method.
}